Phthisiology
Syllabus abstract of subject
“Phthisiology”
Specialty – 31.05.01 General Medicine
The discipline С 1.1.39 “Phthisiology” refers to the base part of block C1 of the discipline. "Phthisiology" is based on the knowledge gained during the study of the following disciplines: microbiology, virology, immunology, hygiene, epidemiology, infectious diseases, anatomy, histology, morbid anatomy, pathological physiology, microbiology, pharmacology. Competences acquired during the study of phthisiology prepare students for mastering professional competences. The goal of mastering the discipline “Phthisiology” is to provide students with fundamental knowledge on the identification, diagnosis, differential diagnosis of tuberculosis and other respiratory diseases, the detection and differential diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and the prevention of tuberculosis.
The process of studying the discipline is aimed at the formation of the following competences:
- the ability and readiness to analyze the results of own activities to prevent professional errors (GPC-5);
- readiness to maintain medical records (GPC-6);
- readiness for medical use of drugs and other substances and their combinations in solving professional problems (GPC-8);
- the ability to assess morphofunctional, physiological conditions and pathological processes in the human body to solve professional problems (GPC-9);
- readiness to ensure the organization of patient care and to provide primary predoctor care (GPC-10);
- readiness to use medical devices provided for by the medical care procedures (GPC-11);
- the ability and readiness to implement the ethical and deontological aspects of medical activity in communication with colleagues, nurses and junior staff, adults and adolescents, their parents and relatives (SPC-1);
- the ability and readiness to conduct preventive medical examinations, clinical examinations and to carry out clinical observation (SPC-2);
- readiness to collect and analyze patients’ complaints, their medical history, examination results, laboratory, instrumental, pathological and other studies in order to recognize a condition or establish the presence or absence of a disease (SPC-5);
- the ability to determine the main pathological conditions in patients, symptoms and syndromes of diseases, nosological forms in accordance with the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision (SPC-6);
- the ability to determine the tactics of managing patients with various nosological forms (SPC-8);
- readiness to manage and treat patients with various nosological forms in outpatient and inpatient settings (SPC-9)
- readiness to provide medical care for sudden acute diseases, conditions, exacerbation of chronic diseases that are not accompanied by a threat to patient’s life and do not require emergency medical care (SPC-10);
- readiness to determine the need for applying natural healing factors, drug, non-drug therapy and other methods to patients requiring medical rehabilitation and spa treatment (SPC-14);
- readiness to teach patients and their relatives basic hygiene measures of health improvement, the skills of self-monitoring skills basic physiological indicators that contribute to maintaining and strengthening health, and preventing diseases (SPC-15).
During the study of the discipline "Phthisiology", students learn as follows: Objectives and the role of a pediatrician in the system of combating tuberculosis, in the conduct of anti-tuberculosis measures. The role of social and economic factors in the occurrence and spread of tuberculosis infection and their importance in organizing treatment and preventive care for adults and adolescent patients with tuberculosis. Sources and ways of tuberculosis infection spreading, risk factors of contamination with mycobacteria and tuberculosis. Pathomorphological, immunological, biochemical changes in the body caused by tuberculosis. A mandatory set of diagnostic methods used in the examination for tuberculosis in adults and adolescents. Methods for identifying tuberculosis patients in the population. Methods of specific and sanitary prevention of tuberculosis. Organizational forms of treatment for patients with tuberculosis, a list of anti-tuberculosis drugs, indications for their appointment.
Based on the acquired knowledge, students obtain the following abilities: to create a plan for examining children and adolescents with suspected tuberculosis. To examine sputum smears under a light microscope to detect MBT and to evaluate the results of bacterioscopic and bacteriological studies. To detect, evaluate and describe the pathological changes detected by X-ray examination methods in patients with tuberculosis. To determine the indications and evaluate the result of a skin-allergic Mantoux test and a provocative Koch test. To determine indications and contraindications for tuberculosis vaccination, revaccination and evaluate the course of the vaccination reaction with intradermal administration of BCG vaccine; to determine indications for chemoprophylaxis of tuberculosis. To determine the indications for antibiotic therapy, to assess its tolerability and, if necessary, to make appointments to eliminate adverse reactions of drugs. To diagnose emergency conditions in patients with tuberculosis and provide them with first aid.
Students develop the skills in applying the methods of general clinical examination of patients, interpreting the results of laboratory, instrumental methods for diagnosing tuberculosis in adults and adolescents; applying an algorithm for giving a preliminary diagnosis for patients with their subsequent referral for additional examinations, an algorithm for giving a detailed clinical diagnosis, an algorithm for performing basic medical diagnostic and therapeutic measures.
These results of mastering the discipline "Phthisiology" are achieved through the use of the following types of educational technologies in the learning process:
- lectures using multimedia technology;
- solving case studies at practical classes;
- individual consultations with a teacher when completing assignments at practical classes and group consultations before testing in each section of the discipline;
- unsupervised work of students with visual materials;
- students' participation in scientific research (working at research clubs, participation in conferences, competitions, etc.).
In order to implement an individual approach to teaching students following their own educational trajectory within the framework of individual curricula, the study of this discipline is based on the following opportunities: providing extracurricular work with students, including in the electronic educational environment, using appropriate software, distance learning, Internet resources, individual consultations, etc.
The total labor output of the discipline is 5 credits (144 hours). The duration of the discipline is two semesters. The progress of mastering the discipline is assessed through a pass-fail test (11th semester). The final attestation is in the form of an exam (12th semester).
Date of creation: 26.11.2019 16:36
Date of update: 20.12.2019 11:25
Number of views: 926
Date of update: 20.12.2019 11:25
Number of views: 926